Forwards4all: 12/08/12

[forwards4all] Kenya

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Kenya

Kenya came into the world spotlight for all the wrong reasons in 2011, when Somali pirates kidnapped a French woman living at the UNESCO World Heritage town of Lamu. This was one incident in a string of attacks in the country, from Nairobi to Mombasa.

Things have improved dramatically since then. In September, the Kenya Defence Force successfully captured the Port of Kismayo in Somalia, home to the al-Shabaab militia, which was believed to be responsible for attacks. The Kenyan government also assembled a Tourism Federation Safety and Communication Centre to help visitors.

About 70% of the population in Kenya is rural. In rural communities a woman does about eighty percent of the work leaving little time for education. Not only are women responsible for much of the field work, but they tend to the children, cook, clean, fetch the water, and take the produce to the market. Men will sometimes work in urban areas while the women stay at home to care for the family and land. However, men still control the money.

Kenya in Africa

Political map of Kenya

Flag of Kenya

Mt. Kenya

Tribal and rural people of Kenya

Elephants in one of the many national parks of Kenya

Giraffes in one of the many national parks of Kenya

Lions and Lionesses in one of the many national parks of Kenya

Zebras in one of the many national parks of Kenya

Urban area of Kenya

Nairobi is the capital and largest city of Kenya

Women in urban areas of Kenya

Men in urban areas of Kenya

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[forwards4all] Known Caves of Tennessee, USA

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Known Caves of Tennessee, USA

There are more than 14,000 known caves in Tennessee. It is in the area of south Eastern United States that cavers refer to as TAG and Tennessee has the most, with 9,200 known caverns. Over millions of years, the slow dissolution of the region's limestone belt riddled the bedrock with tunnels and chambers, creating a subterranean world in which the potential for exploration is almost limitless. The Rumble Room (pictured), a limestone cavern in Rumbling Falls, Tennessee, measures some 350ft floor to ceiling and spans four acres.

People have been exploring the region's caves since prehistoric times, but the system is so vast that unknown conduits and million-year-old piping are still being discovered. Here, a caver wriggles into an unexplored cavern in Tennessee.

Cavers use rock climbing equipment to lower themselves into the depths, but even with headlamps on, high beams barely illuminate some chambers. Here, a spelunker enters a shaft of Tennessee's Indianapolis Cave.

Spelunking is not for those with claustrophobic tendencies. Cavers sometimes squeeze through extremely tight spaces to discover new routes, driven by the itch to see what no one else has seen before. Cavers solve three-dimensional puzzles in motion, getting themselves through barely body-sized spaces while simultaneously figuring out how to move critical gear such as ropes, lights, food and water along with them as they go.

TAG's caves contain a plethora of ancient treasures, including rock formations that have formed over hundreds of millions of years, prehistoric animal remains and some of the oldest human footprints in North America. Native American pictographs and petroglyphs (pictured) were found inside Devilstep Cave, which is part of Cumberland Trail State Park in eastern Tennessee.