Forwards4all: 04/24/12

[forwards4all] Taman Negara: Oldest Rainforest on the Planet

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Taman Negara: Oldest Rainforest on the Planet

In the middle of the Malaysian peninsula lies a rainforest so old it makes the entire Amazon jungle seem like new growth. Taman Negara, literally 'national park' in Malay, has lain virtually undisturbed for 130 million years. Located as it is in the centre of the equator, even ice ages left barely a dent in this ancient jungle.

Not surprisingly, the flora and fauna of Taman Negara are
unrivaled; 14,000 species of plants, 200 mammals and 240 types
of trees can be found in a mere hectare of this lush rainforest. And
with travel within the park limited to jungle tracks and riverboats,
much more may still be waiting to be found.

One of the colourful fungi that sprouts on decaying trees. Prior
to the Jurassic period, the entire Malay peninsula was submerged
underwater. As a result, sedimentary rock and limestone make up
the fertile base of Taman Negara and its interesting cave system.
Most of Malaysia's fossils have also been discovered within the
limestone of this national park.

A perahu brings visitors to their jungle accommodation:
Winding through Taman Negara and serving as its main highway
is the Tembeling River and its tributaries the Tahan, Trenggan and
Kenyam. Wooden river boats known as 'perahu' ply the waters,
transporting people and supplies as they have done for hundreds of
years. Human habitation along the river can be dated back nearly
2,000 years, bronze artifacts having been found along the river.

A close-up look at the perahu:
Living within the rainforest are Malaysia's earliest inhabitants,
or Orang Asli, meaning original or native people. The Orang Asli
of Taman Negara are of the Negrito group, who have burial sites
in Malaysia dating back 10,000 years.

An Orang Asli village, which can be quickly dismantled when
they are ready to move on The Orang Asli live in settlements of about
ten to thirty people. In the rainforest, they still live in hunter gatherer
societies, in harmony with nature. When they have almost depleted the
section of rainforest they live in, the Orang Asli move on and give the
jungle time to rejuvenate.

Orange Asli women and children come down to the river to bathe
and fish The Orang Asli believe that only animals living above ground
are best for consumption, so they hunt birds, squirrels and monkeys.
Hunting was originally done with bows and arrows but nowadays the
Orang Asli find blowpipes more effective. The darts of the blowpipes are
tipped with the poisonous sap of the Ipoh tree (Antaris toxicaria). They supplement their diet with fish and jungle fruits.

A pet bearcat relaxes in an Orang Asli village Far outnumbering
the human inhabitants are the flora and fauna of Taman Negara.
Within the park boundaries there are tigers, Malayan tapirs, elephants,
wild boar, various species of deer, leopards, sun bears, civets and wild ox.

The strikingly coloured Malayan Tapir, one of the animals found
in Taman Negara Add to this between 200-300 species of birds and
thousands of insects making their lives on the jungle floor. Taman Negara has
one of the richest ecologies on earth, protected both by its impenetrability and Malaysian law.

A Streaked Spiderhunter, a species of bird common in the Malaysian
rainforest These days, increasing numbers of tourists visit the national
park although, perhaps fortunately, numbers are still regulated by transport restrictions. Although many hope to catch a glimpse of the larger mammals,
most of these remain well hidden in the jungle depths.

A Barking Deer, so named for its strange calls Visitors can, however,
still experience the wonder of being in an ancient rainforest and take
walks along jungle paths either on the ground or from hanging bridges
in the trees.

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[forwards4all] The big cats at Thailand's controversial Tiger Temple

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The big cats at Thailand's controversial Tiger Temple

The Tiger Temple in the western province of Kanchanaburi - about 80 km from Bangkok - began life in 1999 when the first female cub was brought to Wat Pa Luangta Bua Yannasampanno, a Buddhist sanctuary, and was cared for by the monks. Since then, it has evolved into a much larger wildlife haven and is now a major tourist attraction in Thailand.

It is one of the few places in the world that allows visitors to touch tigers. For a basic entrance fee - or 'donation' - of 1,000 baht (about £20), visitors get a tour of the site and the chance to enter the sanctuary's Tiger Canyon, a quarry with a rocky pool at one end containing a dozen or so sleeping tigers chained to the ground.

The temple has been forced to strenuously deny accusations that its big cat residents are sedated to allow tourists to have their pictures taken with them.